Dec 17, 2008

Fighting deflation globally ain't easy !

With the U.S., Japan and Britain -- nearly 40 percent of the global economy -- facing the threat of deflation, it's going to be just too easy for one, two or all three of them to get the policy response horribly wrong.
The global economy is so connected, and our experience with similar situations so limited that the scope for error is huge.
Failure when fighting a global recession, a global balance sheet adjustment, a global banking recapitalisation, debt deflation and very possibly actual deflation can take many forms.
"It's very hard to calibrate and it's awfully easy to overshoot or undershoot, both of which would be disastrous," said Lena Komileva, London-based strategist at Tullett Prebon.
Under clubbing the response to falling prices means you could slip into a self-reinforcing deflation, making your debts, be they consumer, housing or government, heavier and setting up a cycle where businesses and consumers defer consumption and investment.
Over-reacting risks fomenting a new bout of inflation and potentially causing a new bubble. (Who knows what that would be -- dirt, water, baseball cards?)
And remember too, when deflation was last an issue on this scale globally during the 1930s, the global economy was nowhere as near as integrated.
As for now, the signs are clear: deflation is a growing threat in much of the world's economy, though still to be sure not the central forecast.
U.S. producer prices dropped by 2.8 percent in October, the largest decline on record. Core intermediate goods and core crude goods prices, which show inflation at earlier stages in the production cycle, fell by a big 1.7 and a staggering 17 percent, respectively.
Consumer prices, which are usually sticky on the way down, fell at a record rate in October, down one percent and even falling by 0.1 percent in the month when plunging food and energy prices are excluded. That will kill corporate profits and shows a business community racing with consumers to see who can capitulate fastest.
Inflation is falling rapidly in Britain too, with overall consumer price inflation down 0.2 percent in October, the first monthly fall since the annual January sales and the first in October since 2001, just after 9/11.
Japan meanwhile has slipped back into recession, domestic demand is weakening, wages are falling and deflation may develop some time next year, a scenario Barclays Capital rates as a 40 percent chance.
Even China, where inflation has tumbled to 4.0 percent in October from a 12-year peak of 8.7 percent in February, has moved its focus to averting deflation.
Be in no doubt, central banks have the tools to fight deflation; while interest rates can only be cut so much, officials can step up the quantitative easing now happening, they can commit to hold rates at zero for an extended period of time, they can drive down their own currency by purchasing foreign bonds or finally, simply print money and drop it from the famous helicopters.
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with thanks
be and make

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